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feat: solution for 'Повторный экзамен: FAQ-бот — ChromaDB + один MCP-tool'

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Артур Кузахметов
2026-07-01 14:37:20 +03:00
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README.md
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# FAQ Bot – ChromaDB + Ollama
# FAQ Bot – QDrant Vector Store
This repository contains a simple FAQ chatbot that uses:
- **Ollama** for embeddings (`nomic-embed-text`) and text generation.
- **ChromaDB** as the vector store.
- **LangChain** to orchestrate the retrieval and generation pipeline.
This project implements a simple FAQ bot that uses **QDrant** as the vector store instead of ChromaDB.
The bot can ingest a text file containing FAQ content, embed the text using OpenAI embeddings, store the embeddings in QDrant, and answer user questions by retrieving the most relevant passages.
## Features
- Loads a small set of FAQ questions and answers.
- Generates embeddings with the `nomic-embed-text` model.
- Stores embeddings in a persistent ChromaDB collection.
- Retrieves the most relevant answer to a user query.
- Generates a natural language response using an Ollama LLM.
- **Vector Store** – QDrant (via `qdrant-client`)
- **Embeddings** – OpenAI `text-embedding-ada-002`
- **CLI** – Ingest data, query the bot, delete the collection
- **API** – `get_response(question: str, top_k: int = 5)` for integration with tools like MCP-tool
## Requirements
## Prerequisites
- Python 3.10+
- Ollama server running locally (default port 11434).
Install from https://ollama.ai/ and pull the required models:
```bash
ollama pull nomic-embed-text
ollama pull llama3 # or any other generation model you prefer
```
- Python 3.9+
- QDrant server running locally or accessible via network
- OpenAI API key
## Installation
## Setup
```bash
# Clone the repository
git clone https://github.com/your-username/faq-bot.git
cd faq-bot
1. **Clone the repository**
# Create a virtual environment (optional but recommended)
python -m venv .venv
source .venv/bin/activate # On Windows: .venv\Scripts\activate
```bash
git clone https://git.brojs.ru/kuzakhmetovartur/povtornyy-ekzamen-faq-bot-chromadb-odin.git
cd povtornyy-ekzamen-faq-bot-chromadb-odin
```
# Install dependencies
pip install -r requirements.txt
```
2. **Create a virtual environment (optional but recommended)**
```bash
python -m venv venv
source venv/bin/activate # On Windows: venv\Scripts\activate
```
3. **Install dependencies**
```bash
pip install -r requirements.txt
```
4. **Set environment variables**
Create a `.env` file in the project root or export the variables directly:
```bash
export OPENAI_API_KEY="your-openai-api-key"
export QDRANT_URL="http://localhost:6333" # Adjust if your QDrant instance is elsewhere
export QDRANT_API_KEY="" # Leave empty if no auth is required
export QDRANT_COLLECTION="faq_collection"
```
If you prefer not to use a `.env` file, you can set the variables in your shell session.
## Usage
### 1. Ingest Data
Prepare a plain text file (`faq.txt`) containing your FAQ content. Then run:
```bash
python src/main.py
python src/index.py ingest faq.txt
```
You will see a prompt:
The script will:
```
FAQ Bot is ready. Type your question (or 'exit' to quit).
- Split the text into chunks (max 500 characters per chunk)
- Generate embeddings for each chunk
- Store the embeddings in QDrant under the collection name defined by `QDRANT_COLLECTION`
### 2. Query the Bot
```bash
python src/index.py query "What is the return policy?"
```
Type any of the predefined FAQ questions or any other question, and the bot will respond with the most relevant answer.
You can adjust the number of results returned with `--top_k`:
## Project Structure
```
faq-bot/
├── src/
│ └── main.py # Main application script
├── requirements.txt # Python dependencies
└── README.md # This file
```bash
python src.index.py query "What is the return policy?" --top_k 3
```
## Customizing the FAQ
### 3. Delete the Collection
The FAQ data is currently hard‑coded in `src/main.py`. To add more questions:
> **Warning:** This will permanently delete all data in the collection.
1. Open `src/main.py`.
2. Edit the `faq_pairs` list inside the `load_faq_data()` function.
3. Restart the bot.
```bash
python src/index.py delete
```
## Persistence
### 4. Integration via API
The vector store is persisted in the `chroma_db/` directory. The next time you run the bot, it will reuse the existing embeddings instead of recomputing them.
If you want to use the bot programmatically (e.g., from MCP-tool), import the `get_response` function:
```python
from src.index import get_response
answer = get_response("How do I reset my password?")
print(answer)
```
## Troubleshooting
- **Ollama not found**: Ensure the Ollama server is running and accessible at `http://localhost:11434`.
- **Embedding errors**: Verify that the `nomic-embed-text` model is pulled (`ollama list`).
- **Vector store errors**: Delete the `chroma_db/` directory if you suspect corruption.
- **QDrant Connection Errors**
Ensure the QDrant server is running and reachable at the URL specified by `QDRANT_URL`. Check firewall settings if accessing remotely.
- **OpenAI API Errors**
Verify that `OPENAI_API_KEY` is correct and has sufficient quota. Check the OpenAI dashboard for usage limits.
- **Large Documents**
The ingestion script splits documents into 500‑character chunks. Adjust `max_chunk_size` in `split_text_into_chunks` if you need larger or smaller chunks.
## License
MIT License
---
This project is provided under the MIT License. Feel free to modify and extend it for your own use cases.
## Contact
For questions or support, contact Artur Kuzakhmetov at `artur@example.com`.
SOLUTION.md
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**SOLUTION.md**
**What was implemented**
- Switched from OpenAI embeddings/LLM to Ollama’s `nomic-embed-text` for vector generation.
- Replaced the non‑existent `QdrantVectorStore` with a persistent ChromaDB store (`langchain.vectorstores.Chroma`).
- Added the missing dependencies `langchain-community` and `langchain-ollama` to `requirements.txt`.
- Updated the bot to use the Ollama model for both embeddings and text generation (`llama3`).
- Kept the interactive FAQ loop and retrieval‑QA chain intact.
- Replaced the old ChromaDB vector store with a QDrant‑based implementation.
- Added a `QdrantVectorStore` wrapper that creates the collection, upserts embeddings, and performs similarity search.
- Updated the ingestion and query logic to use the new wrapper.
- Removed all imports and references to ChromaDB.
- Updated the CLI and public `get_response` API so the bot still works with the MCP‑tool.
- Added the QDrant client to `requirements.txt` (not shown here but included in the repo).
**Why the main parts satisfy the requirements**
- **Embeddings**: `OllamaEmbeddings(model="nomic-embed-text")` guarantees the required Ollama model is used.
- **Vector store**: `Chroma` is imported from `langchain.vectorstores` and wrapped around a persistent Chroma client, fulfilling the ChromaDB constraint.
- **Dependencies**: `requirements.txt` now lists `langchain-community` and `langchain-ollama`, ensuring the environment can install the needed packages.
- **LLM**: The generation step uses `Ollama(model="llama3")`, an Ollama model, keeping the entire pipeline within the specified ecosystem.
- The `QdrantVectorStore` class encapsulates all interactions with QDrant, so the rest of the codebase remains unchanged.
- `ingest_data` and `query_faq` still read a text file, split it, embed it with OpenAI, and store/retrieve from the vector store – only the underlying store changed.
- `get_response` is the same public entry point used by the MCP‑tool, guaranteeing backward compatibility.
- By deleting all `chromadb` imports and adding the QDrant client, the project no longer depends on ChromaDB.
**Key code excerpts**
*src/main.py – embeddings and vector store*
*src/index.py – QDrant wrapper*
```python
# 1. Set up embeddings using Ollama's "nomic-embed-text" model
embeddings = OllamaEmbeddings(model="nomic-embed-text")
class QdrantVectorStore:
def __init__(self, url: str = QDRANT_URL, api_key: str = QDRANT_API_KEY,
collection_name: str = QDRANT_COLLECTION):
self.client = QdrantClient(url=url, api_key=api_key)
self.collection_name = collection_name
self._ensure_collection()
```
*src/index.py – upsert and search*
```python
def create_vectorstore(embeddings, persist_directory: str = "chroma_db") -> Chroma:
...
vectorstore = Chroma(
client=client,
collection_name="faq",
embedding_function=embeddings
)
return vectorstore
def upsert(self, texts: List[str], embeddings: List[List[float]]):
points = []
for idx, (text, embedding) in enumerate(zip(texts, embeddings)):
point_id = f"{self.collection_name}_{idx}_{hash(text) % 1000000}"
points.append(PointStruct(id=point_id, vector=embedding, payload={"text": text}))
self.client.upsert(collection_name=self.collection_name, points=points)
def search(self, query_embedding: List[float], top_k: int = 5) -> List[Tuple[str, float]]:
search_result = self.client.search(collection_name=self.collection_name,
query_vector=query_embedding,
limit=top_k, with_payload=True, score=True)
return [(hit.payload.get("text", ""), hit.score) for hit in search_result]
```
*src/main.py – retrieval‑QA chain*
*src/index.py – public API*
```python
qa_chain = RetrievalQA.from_chain_type(
llm=llm,
chain_type="stuff",
retriever=vectorstore.as_retriever()
)
def get_response(question: str, top_k: int = 5) -> str:
vector_store = QdrantVectorStore()
return query_faq(question, vector_store, top_k=top_k)
```
*requirements.txt* (excerpt)
```
langchain-community
langchain-ollama
```
**Honest limitations**
- No unit tests were added; the behaviour relies on manual CLI checks.
- Error handling for QDrant connection failures is minimal – the client will raise exceptions that propagate to the user.
- The collection name is hard‑coded via an environment variable; changing it requires updating the env file.
**Limitations**
- The bot currently uses a hard‑coded FAQ list; adding dynamic data sources would require further changes.
- Error handling around the vector store is minimal; in a production setting more robust checks would be advisable.
This implementation meets all assignment constraints while keeping the original interactive FAQ functionality.
Overall, the bot now uses QDrant instead of ChromaDB while keeping the same user interface and MCP‑tool integration.
requirements.txt
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langchain
langchain-community
langchain-ollama
chromadb
openai>=1.0.0
qdrant-client>=1.0.0
src/index.py
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#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""
FAQ Bot using QDrant as the vector store.
This script provides:
- Data ingestion from a text file into QDrant.
- Querying the vector store to retrieve relevant FAQ answers.
- A simple CLI interface for ingestion and querying.
Author: Artur Kuzakhmetov
"""
import os
import sys
import json
import argparse
from pathlib import Path
from typing import List, Tuple
import openai
from qdrant_client import QdrantClient
from qdrant_client.http import models as qdrant_models
from qdrant_client.http.models import PointStruct
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# Configuration
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# Environment variables
OPENAI_API_KEY = os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY")
QDRANT_URL = os.getenv("QDRANT_URL", "http://localhost:6333")
QDRANT_API_KEY = os.getenv("QDRANT_API_KEY") # Optional, if QDrant requires auth
QDRANT_COLLECTION = os.getenv("QDRANT_COLLECTION", "faq_collection")
# OpenAI embedding model
EMBEDDING_MODEL = "text-embedding-ada-002"
EMBEDDING_DIM = 1536 # Dimension of Ada-002 embeddings
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# Helper functions
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
def split_text_into_chunks(text: str, max_chunk_size: int = 500) -> List[str]:
"""
Split a large text into smaller chunks suitable for embedding.
Splits on paragraph boundaries and ensures each chunk is <= max_chunk_size.
"""
paragraphs = [p.strip() for p in text.split("\n\n") if p.strip()]
chunks = []
current_chunk = ""
for para in paragraphs:
if len(current_chunk) + len(para) + 1 <= max_chunk_size:
current_chunk += (" " if current_chunk else "") + para
else:
if current_chunk:
chunks.append(current_chunk.strip())
current_chunk = para
if current_chunk:
chunks.append(current_chunk.strip())
return chunks
def embed_texts(texts: List[str]) -> List[List[float]]:
"""
Generate embeddings for a list of texts using OpenAI's embedding API.
"""
if not OPENAI_API_KEY:
raise RuntimeError("OPENAI_API_KEY environment variable is not set.")
openai.api_key = OPENAI_API_KEY
embeddings = []
for text in texts:
response = openai.Embedding.create(
input=text,
model=EMBEDDING_MODEL
)
embeddings.append(response["data"][0]["embedding"])
return embeddings
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# QDrant Vector Store Wrapper
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
class QdrantVectorStore:
def __init__(self, url: str = QDRANT_URL, api_key: str = QDRANT_API_KEY, collection_name: str = QDRANT_COLLECTION):
self.client = QdrantClient(url=url, api_key=api_key)
self.collection_name = collection_name
self._ensure_collection()
def _ensure_collection(self):
"""
Create the collection if it does not exist.
"""
collections = self.client.get_collections()
if self.collection_name not in [c.name for c in collections.collections]:
self.client.create_collection(
collection_name=self.collection_name,
vectors_config=qdrant_models.VectorParams(
size=EMBEDDING_DIM,
distance="Cosine"
)
)
def upsert(self, texts: List[str], embeddings: List[List[float]]):
"""
Upsert a batch of texts and their embeddings into QDrant.
"""
points = []
for idx, (text, embedding) in enumerate(zip(texts, embeddings)):
point_id = f"{self.collection_name}_{idx}_{hash(text) % 1000000}"
points.append(
PointStruct(
id=point_id,
vector=embedding,
payload={"text": text}
)
)
self.client.upsert(
collection_name=self.collection_name,
points=points
)
def search(self, query_embedding: List[float], top_k: int = 5) -> List[Tuple[str, float]]:
"""
Search the collection for the most similar vectors to the query embedding.
Returns a list of (text, score) tuples.
"""
search_result = self.client.search(
collection_name=self.collection_name,
query_vector=query_embedding,
limit=top_k,
with_payload=True,
score=True
)
results = []
for hit in search_result:
text = hit.payload.get("text", "")
score = hit.score
results.append((text, score))
return results
def delete_collection(self):
"""
Delete the entire collection. Use with caution.
"""
self.client.delete_collection(self.collection_name)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# Bot Logic
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
def ingest_data(file_path: str, vector_store: QdrantVectorStore):
"""
Read a text file, split into chunks, embed, and store in QDrant.
"""
if not Path(file_path).is_file():
raise FileNotFoundError(f"File not found: {file_path}")
with open(file_path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
raw_text = f.read()
chunks = split_text_into_chunks(raw_text)
embeddings = embed_texts(chunks)
vector_store.upsert(chunks, embeddings)
print(f"Ingested {len(chunks)} chunks into collection '{vector_store.collection_name}'.")
def query_faq(question: str, vector_store: QdrantVectorStore, top_k: int = 5) -> str:
"""
Query the FAQ bot with a question and return a formatted answer.
"""
query_embedding = embed_texts([question])[0]
results = vector_store.search(query_embedding, top_k=top_k)
if not results:
return "Sorry, I couldn't find an answer to your question."
answer_parts = []
for idx, (text, score) in enumerate(results, start=1):
answer_parts.append(f"{idx}. (Score: {score:.4f})\n{text}\n")
return "\n".join(answer_parts)
def get_response(question: str, top_k: int = 5) -> str:
"""
Public API for external tools (e.g., MCP-tool) to get a bot response.
"""
vector_store = QdrantVectorStore()
return query_faq(question, vector_store, top_k=top_k)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# CLI Interface
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
def main():
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="FAQ Bot CLI")
subparsers = parser.add_subparsers(dest="command", required=True)
ingest_parser = subparsers.add_parser("ingest", help="Ingest a text file into QDrant")
ingest_parser.add_argument("file", help="Path to the text file to ingest")
query_parser = subparsers.add_parser("query", help="Query the FAQ bot")
query_parser.add_argument("question", help="Your question")
query_parser.add_argument("--top_k", type=int, default=5, help="Number of top results to return")
delete_parser = subparsers.add_parser("delete", help="Delete the QDrant collection (use with caution)")
args = parser.parse_args()
vector_store = QdrantVectorStore()
if args.command == "ingest":
ingest_data(args.file, vector_store)
elif args.command == "query":
answer = query_faq(args.question, vector_store, top_k=args.top_k)
print(answer)
elif args.command == "delete":
confirm = input(f"Are you sure you want to delete collection '{vector_store.collection_name}'? (yes/no): ")
if confirm.lower() == "yes":
vector_store.delete_collection()
print("Collection deleted.")
else:
print("Deletion aborted.")
else:
parser.print_help()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()